From the 1960s through the 1990s, the U.S. Government declassified the majority of its security-classified records relating to World War II. Yet, 60 years after the war, millions of pages of wartime and postwar records remained classified. Many of these records contained information related to war crimes and war criminals. This information had been sought over the years by congress, government prosecutors, historians and victims of war crimes. These records include operational files that sheds important historical light on the Holocaust and other war crimes, as well as the U.S. Government’s involvement with war criminals during the Cold War. The majority of these records were declassified by the Nazi War Crimes and Japanese Imperial Government Records Interagency Working Group. These files have been released through the Freedom of Information Act and published individually in CIA's reading room. The files have been gathered and organized by subject for easy viewing and research.
Descriptions come from the Cryptonyms and Terms in Declassified CIA Files research aid and Wikipedia. An error from individually transferring the files from their disorganized state on the CIA website has caused the occassional file to be dropped while being uploaded, and may cause a discrepancy between the total files and the files available on Archive.org. If you notice any missing files, please contact me with links to the items and tell me which files are missing from them.
The complete dataset, including personnel files not uploaded yet, can be found and downloaded here.
All A through K files have been uploaded. All operational and major (i.e. multiple volumes) personnel files have been uploaded. The remaining files will be uploaded alphabetically.
Abramtchik, Mikola - 150 files. AECAMBISTA-4, CAMBISTA-4 (cryptonyms). Associated with AEQUOR and AEDEPOT/AEREADY Projects. See also AMCOMLIB, BNR, CHAURUS, SONR.
Abs, Hermann - 53 files. Member of the board of directors of Deutsche Bank from 1938 to 1945. After World War II he was chairman of Deutsche Bank, and contributed to the reconstruction of the German economy. Played a key role in the economic design and stabilization of Nazism.
AEACRE - 4 volumes, 184 files. AEACRE (1952-64) established a mechanism for the planning and conduct of REDSOX operations via a Domestic Operations Base (DOB) used for the interrogation, assessment, training, briefing, and preparation for dispatch of agents for infiltration into the USSR. Aleks Kurgvel, Tscherim Soobzokov associated with Project.
AEBALCONY - 9 files. AEBALCONY (1960-62) was designed to use U.S. citizens with Baltic language fluency in "mounted" and "piggy-back" legal traveler operations into Soviet occupied Estonia, Latvia, and Lithuania. Jouzas Brazaitis, Vilis Hazners, Edgars Laipenieks associated with Project.
AECARRERA - 62 files. AECARRERA (1953-58) exploited REDCAP opportunities (collection of information on Soviets stationed abroad) arising out of the propaganda distributed by AEVIRGIL and collected positive intelligence through debriefings of East German nationals visiting the AECARRERA office in Berlin in response to AEVIRGIL materials ballooned into East Germany. Wilhelm Gruenwaldt associated with Project.
AECHAMP - 92 files. AEFREEMAN (1953-64), which included AEBASIN/AEROOT (1953-60), AEFLAG (1955-62), and AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (1949-59)), was designed to strengthen resistance to communism and harrass the Soviet regime in the Baltic countries. AEBASIN/AEROOT supported Estonian emigres and émigré activities aganist the Estonian SSR. AEFLAG was aimed at people of the Latvian SSR. AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (formerly BGLAPIN)) targeted the Lithuanian SSR. These projects provided intelligence and operational data from Baltic countries through radio broadcasts, mailing operations, liaison with emigre organizations, political and psychological (PP) briefings for legal travelers and exploitation of other media such as demonstrations. Aleks Kurgvel, Elmar Lipping, Romulus Mandel associated with AEBASIN/AEROOT Project. Vilis Hazners associated with AEFLAG Project. Antanas Bernotas, Jouzas Brazaitis, Stasys Rastikis associated with AEPOLE Project. Alexandras Lileikis associated with AECHAMP Project. Ilgvars Skaistlauks considered for possible use on AECHAMP Project. See AEGEAN/CAPSTAN.
AECOB/ZRLYNCH - 3 volumes, 155 files. AECOB, approved in 1950, was a vehicle for foreign intelligence (FI) operations into and within Soviet Latvia and involved infiltration and exfiltration of black agents and the recruitment of legally resident agents in the USSR, especially Latvia. ZRLYNCH was approved in 1950 for use of the Latvian Resistance Movement, which had been formed in 1944, as a vehicle for clandestine activities within the USSR. ZRLYNCH was renewed in 1952 as a part of AECOB, which then provided both FI and political and psychological (PP) activities. AECOB / ZRLYNCH PP project was terminated in 1955. AECOB FI project was terminated in 1959. Roberts Ancans, Andrejs Apsits, Nikolajs Balodis, Arturs Brombergs, Freds Launags, Edvins Ozolins, Janis Ozolins, Janis Presnikovs, Alfreds Riekstins, Peteris Rungis, Ilmars Rupners, Arturs Stankevics, Vidvuds Sveics, Voldis Viksna associated with Project. Janis Ozols considered for possible use on Project.
AEDEPOT - 4 volumes, 244 files. AEDEPOT (formerly AEREADY) (1957-65) was designed to provide a trained "Hot War" cadre of agents who could be used during a period of heightened tensions/increased alert or during actual hostilities against the Soviet Union. Mikola Abramtchik, Constantine Mierlak, Tscherim Soobzokov associated with Project.
AEDOGMA/AEBATH - 133 files. AEDOGMA / AEBATH (1947-61), which supported the activities of the Principal Agent (PA), Michael Korzhan, was designed to produce CI/CE information on two Ukrainian nationalist groups in Germany; positive intelligence on other Ukrainian groups in Germany and Western Europe; information on Soviet penetration of Orthodox churches; and miscellaneous CE and other support activities beginning in 1947. In 1959, the PA was transferred to Paris to report on the efforts of the Soviet Services in emigre circles; and to act as a spotter in Soviet emigre circles for REDSKIN opportunities. The PA was not very productive in Paris and the project was terminated in 1961.
AEFLAG - 13 files. AEFREEMAN (1953-64), which included AEBASIN/AEROOT (1953-60), AEFLAG (1955-62), and AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (1949-59)), was designed to strengthen resistance to communism and harrass the Soviet regime in the Baltic countries. AEBASIN/AEROOT supported Estonian emigres and émigré activities aganist the Estonian SSR. AEFLAG was aimed at people of the Latvian SSR. AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (formerly BGLAPIN)) targeted the Lithuanian SSR. These projects provided intelligence and operational data from Baltic countries through radio broadcasts, mailing operations, liaison with emigre organizations, political and psychological (PP) briefings for legal travelers and exploitation of other media such as demonstrations. Aleks Kurgvel, Elmar Lipping, Romulus Mandel associated with AEBASIN/AEROOT Project. Vilis Hazners associated with AEFLAG Project. Antanas Bernotas, Jouzas Brazaitis, Stasys Rastikis associated with AEPOLE Project. Alexandras Lileikis associated with AECHAMP Project. Ilgvars Skaistlauks considered for possible use on AECHAMP Project.
AEFREEMAN - 55 files. AEFREEMAN (1953-64), which included AEBASIN/AEROOT (1953-60), AEFLAG (1955-62), and AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (1949-59)), was designed to strengthen resistance to communism and harrass the Soviet regime in the Baltic countries. AEBASIN/AEROOT supported Estonian emigres and émigré activities aganist the Estonian SSR. AEFLAG was aimed at people of the Latvian SSR. AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (formerly BGLAPIN)) targeted the Lithuanian SSR. These projects provided intelligence and operational data from Baltic countries through radio broadcasts, mailing operations, liaison with emigre organizations, political and psychological (PP) briefings for legal travelers and exploitation of other media such as demonstrations. Aleks Kurgvel, Elmar Lipping, Romulus Mandel associated with AEBASIN/AEROOT Project. Vilis Hazners associated with AEFLAG Project. Antanas Bernotas, Jouzas Brazaitis, Stasys Rastikis associated with AEPOLE Project. Alexandras Lileikis associated with AECHAMP Project. Ilgvars Skaistlauks considered for possible use on AECHAMP Project.
AEMANNER - 70 files. AEMANNER (1955-58) was an operation to collect intelligence on the Lithuanian SSR by spotting, recruiting, and training Lithuanians who planned to return to Lithuania; spotting, recruiting, and training Lithuanian merchant seamen who would be on vessels calling at Lithuanian SSR ports; exploiting existing postal channels between Lithuanian SSR and the West; and interrogating persons coming out of the Lithuanian SSR. Ignatz Apyrubis and Alexandras Lileikis associated with Project.
AEMARSH DEVELOPMENT AND PLANS - 59 files. AEMARSH (1953-59) involved collecting foreign intelligence on the Soviet regime in Latvia through sources residing in the Latvian SSR, legal travelers, and all possible legal means. The Institute for Latvian Culture (AEMINX) was established as a cover facility engaged in the preservation and development of Latvian national culture, collection of information on Latvian national life, and the safeguarding and preserving of physical, spiritual, and moral conditions of Latvians who were separated from their homeland. Alfreds Berzins, Aleksandrs Burmeisters, Janis Cirulis, Vilis Hazners, Peteris Janelsins, Freds Launags, Herberts Zagars associated with Project.
AEPRIMER - 10 files. AEPRIMER's (1957-59) objective was to establish long-term, durable assets illegally infiltrated into the Byelorussian SSR. Candidates for these assets were to be recommended by the Byelorussian National Council (BNR). However, AEQUOR/FI had similar objectives and was terminated in 1956 when information about AEQUOR Team 2 in Byelorussia surfaced in Pravda. In addition, AEQUOR's relationship with the BNR was terminated for security reasons. AEPRIMER's association with the BNR was limited to its President (Mikola Abramtchik) and his representative (Francis Kushel) in New York. AEPRIMER was terminated in 1959. Constantine Mierlak associated with Project.
AERODYNAMIC - 47 volumes, 3,348 files. AERODYNAMIC (formerly CARTEL, ANDROGEN, AECARTHAGE) (1949-70) refers to CIA support for ZP/UHVR (Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council), which began in 1949. CIA helped to establish in New York City the Prolog Research and Publishing Company in 1953 as ZP/UHVR's publishing and research arm. Prolog, through an affiliate in Munich, published periodicals and selected books and pamphlets which sought to exploit and increase nationalist and other dissident tendencies in the Soviet Ukraine. ZP/UHVR operational activity concentrated on propaganda and contact operations. In 1970, AERODYNAMIC was redesignated QRPLUMB. The file includes AERODYNAMIC Development and Plans (Vol. 1-8), Operations (Vol. 9-41), and Contact Reports (Vol. 42-47). Yaroslav Fedyk, Ivan Hrinioch, Mykola Lebed, Yury Lopatinsky, Lyubomir Ortinskiy associated with Project. Roman Tymewycz a clerical employee in Branch Office of Project AERODYNAMIC.
AEQUOR - 3 volumes, 200 files. AEQUOR Project (1951-62) involved operations into Byelorussia through the exploitation of the Byelorussia National Council (BNR), and later evolved into primarily supporting the publication of a Byelorussian language weekly newspaper. Mikola Abramtchik, Francis Kushel, Boris Ragula, Stanislaw Stankiewicz, Vitaut Tumash associated with Project. See AEPRIMER.
AEROOT AEBASIN - 64 files. AEFREEMAN (1953-64), which included AEBASIN/AEROOT (1953-60), AEFLAG (1955-62), and AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (1949-59)), was designed to strengthen resistance to communism and harrass the Soviet regime in the Baltic countries. AEBASIN/AEROOT supported Estonian emigres and émigré activities aganist the Estonian SSR. AEFLAG was aimed at people of the Latvian SSR. AEPOLE (formerly AECHAMP (formerly BGLAPIN)) targeted the Lithuanian SSR. These projects provided intelligence and operational data from Baltic countries through radio broadcasts, mailing operations, liaison with emigre organizations, political and psychological (PP) briefings for legal travelers and exploitation of other media such as demonstrations. Aleks Kurgvel, Elmar Lipping, Romulus Mandel associated with AEBASIN/AEROOT Project. Vilis Hazners associated with AEFLAG Project. Antanas Bernotas, Jouzas Brazaitis, Stasys Rastikis associated with AEPOLE Project. Alexandras Lileikis associated with AECHAMP Project. Ilgvars Skaistlauks considered for possible use on AECHAMP Project.
AESAURUS/AENOBLE - 3 volumes, 161 files. AESAURUS / AENOBLE (initially AEROSOL, renamed AEGIDEON / AENOBLE in 1958) operation (1950-61) maintained communications with agents of the National Alliance of Russian Solidarists (Narodno Trudovoi Soyuz or NTS (CABOCHE-1, PDGIDEON, SHUBA-100)). NTS was founded in 1930s by Russian emigres with extreme rightest and anti-Semitic views and collaborated closely with the Nazis in Russia, providing local administrators, propagandists, and informants. NTS rebuilt itself in 1945 as an anti-Soviet émigré organization inside the USSR and with its own newspaper "Possev." This project sought the development and exploitation of NTS agents as longterm hot war assets and as sources of operational positive and psychological intelligence. The Project included Operation CARCASS, training/dispatch into USSR of agents to organize resistance groups and collect FI; Operation SPAIN to establish NTS groups in US zone/Germany and Austria against Soviet occupation forces through propaganda, defection, resistance, and collecting FI; Operation RADIO to establish a mobile covert radio operated by NTS for propaganda into East Zone. See also QKDROOP.
AEVIRGIL - 3 volumes, 195 files. AEVIRGIL (1953-63) provided a controlled, anti-communist émigré organization for political and psychological activities against the Soviet target. The particular émigré organization, which was called the Central Association of Post-War Emigres (TsOPE) and located in Munich, produced and disseminated Russian language leaflets and a monthly magazine (Svoboda), held propaganda meetings and press conferences, and was engaged in psychological warfare against the Soviet target. Wilhelm Gruenwaldt associated with Project.
Agh, Laslo - 29 files. Laszlo Agh was a wartime member of the Hungarian Arrow Cross, an anti- Semitic group of fascists responsible for the murder of 10,000 to 15,000 Hungarian Jews and the deportation to Auschwitz of another 80,000. According to 12 eyewitnesses, Agh had personally rounded up, imprisoned, tortured, and killed hundreds of Hungarian Jews. The torture included forced calisthenics to the point of unconsciousness, burial in the ground up to the neck until dead, and orders to jump on ground studded with partially buried bayonets. - via Reuters.
Ahrens, Hinrich Johann - 11 files.
Albert, Ludwig - 64 files. V-2600 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). ANDERS (Gehlen Organization alias).
Albert, Theodor Von - 46 files. German officer of the Wehrmacht during the Second World War. He was one of the last Germans to enter the Führerbunker, shortly after the death of Adolf Hitler
Alfertchik, Nikolai - 32 files.
Alquen, Guenther - 34 files. Alquen, Guenther was the chief editor of the SSweekly, Das Schwarze Korps ("The Black Corps"), the official newspaper of the Schutzstaffel (SS), and commander of the SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers (SS-Standarte Kurt Eggers. The honour title Kurt Eggers referred to the SS war correspondent and editor of the SS magazine Das Schwarze Korps, killed in 1943).
Altenbrunn, Hans Erich - 2 files. GRANOLITE-30 (cryptonym).
Ancans, Roberts - 32 files. CATTURA (cryptonym). Associated with AECOB/ZRLYNCH Project. Obersturmführer in the Waffen SS during World War II. He was awarded the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross, which was awarded to recognize extreme battlefield bravery or successful military leadership by Nazi Germany during World War II. Emigrated to the United States.
Anders, Heinz - 15 files. Heinz SCHAUTH, Peter ANDERS, Peter KIRCHNER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Angerer, Johann - 47 files. PP-5 (Otto Von Bolschwing's cryptonym for a member of his PP Net (Austrian Police and a counterintelligence network) in Austria).
Apsits, Andrejs - 40 files. TILBURY-1, AECOB-10 (cryptonyms). Associated with AECOB Project.
Apyrubis, Ignatz - 105 files. AELICTOR-1, AECORSAIR-3, AEMANNER-23 (cryptonyms). Associated with Project AEMANNER.
Arajs, Viktors - 4 files. Latvian collaborator and Nazi SS officer, who took part in the Holocaust during the German occupation of Latvia and Belarus (then called White Russia or White Ruthenia) as the leader of the Arājs Kommando. The Arajs Kommando murdered about half of Latvia's Jews. Viktors Arājs raped a Jewish woman, Zelma Shepshelovitz, during the war. Her testimony served a crucial part in the trials of war criminals.
Arisue, Seizo - 19 files. The key individual in the "undergrounds" was Lieutenant General Arisue Seizo, chief of the intelligence department at Imperial General Headquarters at the end of the war. Shortly before the end of the war, Arisue began collecting intelligence documents to use as a bargaining chip with the Occupation. Arisue was asked to set up a domestic intelligence network to warn of a potential Communist coup. Arisue and some of his associates, at various times, considered right-wing coups against the Japanese government.
Arlt, Fritz - 33 files. V-2881 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). WERNER (Gehlen Organization alias). A key figure in the implementation of Nazi German racial policy in Leipzig, before moving his operation to occupied Polish Upper Silesia region during World War II. He took over his post from SS-Obersturmbannführer Brunon Müller from RKF, in preparation for the forcible displacement of some 18,000–20,000 Polish nationals from around Żywiec, known as Action Saybusch. In November 1940, long before Wannsee Conference of 1942, Fritz Arlt proposed the enlargement of the KZ Auschwitz concentration camp for "evacuating" the Polish Jews in there from across the Generalgouvernement.
Artukovic, Andrew - 2 volumes, 137 files. Croatian politician and lawyer, Ustaše intellectual and minister in the Government of the Independent State of Croatia (NDH). Artuković was convicted of war crimes committed against minorities in the NDH during World War II.
Aso, Tasuo - 56 files. STBRANT-1, TLBRANT, LFSALAD (cryptonyms).
Axis Intelligence in Switzerland - 28 files.
Axmann, Artur Werner - 19 files. German Nazi national leader (Reichsjugendführer) of the Hitler Youth (Hitlerjugend) from 1940 to the war's end in 1945. He was the last living Nazi with a rank equivalent to Reichsführer.
Babor, Karl - 4 files. SS doctor of the Third Reich, and officer at Camp Gross-Rosen with the rank of Hauptsturmführer. He was an expert in assassination by syringe of phenol.
Bagatais, Heinrich - 72 files.
Balodis, Nikolajs - 103 files. CAMUSO-3 (cryptonym). Boris LOVETSKY (pseudonym). Associated with Project AECOB/ZRLYNCH.
Bandera, Stefan - 86 files. AECAVATINA-1, CAVATINA-1 (cryptonyms). Bandera was recruited before World War II into the Nazi Germany military intelligence Abwehr for espionage, counter-espionage and sabotage. Their goal was to run diversion activities after Germany's attack on the Soviet Union. Myelnik was given code name 'Consul I'.
Bandholz, Heinrich - 53 files. AEISSUE-1, CATOMIC-3, CATOPHAT-1 (cryptonyms). Associated with CATOPHAT Project.
Barbie, Klaus - 4 volumes, 496 files. An SS-Hauptsturmführer (rank equivalent to army captain) and Gestapo member. He was known as the "Butcher of Lyon" for having personally tortured French prisoners of the Gestapo while stationed in Lyon, France. After the war, United States intelligence services employed him for their anti-Marxist efforts and also helped him escape to South America. The Bundesnachrichtendienst, the West German intelligence agency, recruited him, and he may have helped the CIA capture Argentine revolutionary Che Guevara in 1967. Barbie is suspected of having had a hand in the Bolivian coup d'état orchestrated by Luis García Meza Tejada in 1980. After the fall of the dictatorship, Barbie no longer had the protection of the Bolivian government and in 1983 was extradited to France, where he was convicted of crimes against humanity.
Bartenstein Tischer, Heinz - 2 files.
Bauer, Hans - 13 files. V-9107 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Erich WOLF (Gehlen Organization alias). Obersturmführer in 6th SS Mountain Division Nord and received the Knight's Cross of the Iron Cross on 5 April 1945.
Baumanis, Valdemars - 5 files.
Baumert, Reinhardt Willmar Helmut - 24 files.
Bayer, Fritz - 3 files. From 1925 to 1945 Fritzter Meer was on the board of IG Farben AG. He was involved in the planning of Monowitz concentration camp, a satellite camp of KZ Auschwitz. Fritz Meer was sentenced to seven years in prison in the Nuremberg Trials in 1948. After he was released in 1951 he became supervisory board chairman (Aufsichtsratsvorsitzender) of Bayer AG.
BECRIPPLE - 3 files. BECRIPPLE Project (1954-60) provided Polish operations run from Berlin and other Stations/Bases with support assets such as a secure safehouse on the economy; garage for a German plated vehicle; an agent/cutout for obtaining credit investigations on persons of operational interest; an agent for monitoring local Polish emigre activity; an agent for obtaining clandesting photographs of West Berlin Polish installations and other support facilities. Hellmuth Goerz, Wilhelm Ludtke associated with Project.
Beetz, Hildegard - 2 volumes, 346 files. CAMISE, GAMBIT (cryptonyms). FELICITAS (alias used by Beetz when she was an agent for Amt VI, RSHA, 1940-45). Hildegard Blum (SSU pseudonym). Hildegard Purwin, widowed Blum, divorced Beetz, nee Burkhardt. Associated with Projects QKDEMON (fomerly EDUCATOR and UMPIRE) and ALCATRAZ.
Behnke, Kurt - 151 files. BALDRIAN (Gehlen Organization alias). UJDOWN (CIA cryptonym during German investigation of Behnke as a suspect MfS or Soviet agent during 1954-59. Behnke was also known to Heinz Felfe, a KGB penetration of Gehlen/BND for 10 years until his arrest in 1961.)
Beissner, Friedrich Wilhelm - 104 files.
Ben-nathan, Asher - 105 files. CONDUCTOR (cryptonym). Associated with Project SYMPHONY. Asher BenNathan aka Arthur PIER.
Benuzzi, Valerio - 19 files. DEODAR-1 (cryptonym).
Berger, Gottlob - 33 files. Senior German Nazi official who held the rank of SS-Obergruppenführer und General der Waffen-SS (lieutenant general), and was the chief of the SS Main Office responsible for Schutzstaffel (SS) recruiting during World War II. He had a key role in the Reich Ministry for the Occupied Eastern Territories from mid-1942, allowing the SS to direct much of the economic activity in the east. In this role he proposed a plan to kidnap and enslave 50,000 Eastern European children between the ages of 10 and 14, under the codename Heuaktion, a plan that was subsequently carried out.
Berisha, Destan - 148 files. THROWOFF-3, BLUEJAY-12 (cryptonyms). Anton POPOV (alias). Associated with Project BGFIEND.
Bernau, Guenter Hans - 23 files. V-3399 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). BAER, BRACHT, Hans Guenter BERGER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Bernhardt, Johannes - 37 files.
Bernotas, Antanas - 6 files. Associated with Project AEPOLE.
Berschneider, Josef - 2 files.
Berthold-bernard, Herbert - 22 files.
Berzins, Alfreds - 138 files. AEMARSH-14 (cryptonym). Robert T. GOFORTH (pseudonym). Associated with Project AEMARSH.
BESMIRCH - 4 files. BESMIRCH (1953-55) was designed to provide Polish operations with communications links over the Polish-German border through the use of legal travellers. Wilhelm Ludtke associated with Project.
Best, Karl Rudolf Werner - 5 files German Nazi, jurist, police chief, SS-Obergruppenführer and Nazi Party leader from Darmstadt, Hesse. He served as civilian administrator of France and Denmark while Nazi Germany occupied those countries during World War II.
BGCONVOY - 48 files. BGCONVOY (formerly QKSTAIR) (1950-55) was the basic political and psychological (PP) and paramilitary (PM) program against Bulgaria with the objective of conducting psychological warfare (PW) operations against the Bulgarian regime and establishing in the country resistance organizations capable of PM activity of various types. BGCONVOY also provided for the development and exploitation of the Principal Agent, Ivan Docheff, who was leader of the Bulgarian National Front, and the newspaper published by the group.
Bickenbach, Otto - 3 files. Between June and August 1943 in the Natzweiler-Struthof concentration camp, Bickenbach and his assistant, Helmut Rühl conducted a series of tests by poisonous gas in this gas chamber experiments with phosgene. More than 50 prisoners, mainly gypsies transferred for medical experiments from Auschwitz, were murdered in the course of these experiments.
Bickler, Hermann - 3 files. MAIR, SCHMIDT, WINKLER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Biederbick, Andreas - 25 files. V-4985 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Andre BACH, Alfred BRENNER, DANIEL (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Billmaier, Kurt Heinrich Konrad - 38 files. HOPKALIT (Polish Intelligence Service cryptonym).
Binz, Siefried Erich - 4 files.
Bishop, Robert - 2 volumes, 159 files.
Bitners, Feliks Hemanis - 3 files.
Bitschnau, Wolfram - 27 files.
Bittrich, Wilhelm - 8 files. SS-Obergruppenführer and Waffen-SS General.
Bleil, Richard - 23 files. CATRANSIT-28, CAGENERAL-27 (cryptonyms). Associated with CATRANSIT and CAGENERAL Programs.
Block, Walther - 30 files. AECONFIDE-1, CASUSTAIN-8 (cryptonyms). Associated with CASUSTAIN Project.
Boehrsch, Herbert - 5 files. V-2713 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Boettcher, Alfred Max - 10 files.
Bohle, Ernst Wilhelm - 10 files. CALABRIA (cryptonym).
Bolschwing, Otto (von) - 2 volumes, 327 files. GROSSBAHN, UNREST, and USAGE (cryptonyms).
Borghese, Junio Valerio - 40 files. Associated with OSS Plan IVY (1944-45).
Borkowski, Zygmunt - 31 files.
Bormann, Martin - 2 volumes, 176 files. Chief of the Parteikanzlei, Personal Secretary to the Führer.
Bovensiepen, Guenther - 21 files.
Braitenberg, Benno Von - 35 files.
Braun, Wernher Von - 10 files. Invented the V-2 rocket for Nazi Germany and the Saturn V for the United States.
Brazaitis, Juozas - 124 files. AEPOLE-8 (cryptonym). Associated with Project AEPOLE and Project AEBALCONY.
Brizgys, Vincentas - 18 files.
Brombergs, Arturs - 2 volumes, 167 files. RNPILLOW and AECAMBARO-2 (cryptonyms), Lyman M. HEMERET (pseudonym), Arturs LINDE (alias). Associated with AECOB/ZRLYNCH Project.
Bross, Alarich Alfons Johann - 144 files. RNMOOSEY, KM-64, JG-3534 (cryptonyms). Associated with LCPROWL Project.
Brueckner, Ernst - 2 volumes, 247 files. CARPETMAKER, CASTIRRUP-1 (cryptonyms when he was Liaison Contact at BKA).
Brüning, Walter - 7 files. Major in the Wehrmacht.
Brunner, Alois - 6 files. George FISHER (alias).
Buch, Friedrich - 5 files. V-2982 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). BURKHARDT (Gehlen Organization alias). UJDRUG (CIA cryptonym when the Germans ran him as a double agent against the KGB in Fall PANOPTIKUM).
Buettner, Kurt August Hermann - 21 files.
CABATON - 3 volumes, 256 pages. CABATON (1956-64) provided accommodation addresses in Bonn and Frankfurt. Erich Neugebauer, Johannes Hirsemann associated with Project.
CADROIT/QKFEARFUL - 34 files. CADROIT (formerly TPEMBER) (1949-55) subsidized and guided the Investigative Committee of Free Jurists (Untersuchungsausschuss freiheitlicher Juristen (UfJ)), which developed from one person as the head of a notional committee in West Berlin to an active organization with a West Berlin Headquarters staff of 75 and about 2,000 East German covert contacts, many from the legal profession and/or East German government. The UfJ, with CIA assistance, conducted extensive propaganda campaigns in East Germany, based mainly on information from East German informants, to expose illegal actions, breaches of justice, and acts of inhumanity committed and tolerated by authorities in East Germany. An outgrowth of the UfJ-sponsored International Congress of Jurists in Berlin (1952) was the establishment of the International Commission of Jurists in The Hague, which was supported by CIA under Project QKFEARFUL. CADROIT also included CADROWN (1952-55), a paramilitary organization established in East Germany for wartime use. Helmut Casemir associated with Project CADROIT.
CADROWN - 118 files. CADROWN (formerly TPEMBER Apparat, CADRASTIC) (1952-55) was approved in 1952 as Amendment 3 to Project TPEMBER to establish a paramilitary resistance apparat in East Germany for escape and evasion and other staybehind resistance activities in case of war with the USSR. TPEMBER (later CADROIT) (1949-55) supported a campaign to expose and to prevent where possible, illegal actions, breaches of justice, and acts of inhumanity committed and tolerated by authorities in East Germany. This was effected through the League of Free Jurists in East Germany.
CAGENERAL DEVELOPMENT AND PLANS - 53 files. CAGENERAL (1958-67) provided accommodation address custodians for Munich Operations Base clandestine operations. Richard Bleil assoiated with Program.
Carstenn, Friedrich Christian Gottlieb - 18 files.
Casemir, Helmut - 2 volumes, 333 files.
CATOMIC DEVELOPMENT AND PLANS - 2 volumes, 86 files. CATOMIC (1970-74) superceded CATOPHAT and included access agent operations against the Soviet Embassy near Bonn and the Soviet Trade Mission near Cologne as well as operations to recruit or insert assets in West German companies which deal with the Soviet Union and Communist China. Heinrich Bandholz associated with Project.
CATOPHAT DEVELOPMENT AND PLANS - 37 files. CATOPHAT operation (1967-70) used an access agent directed against the Soviet Embassy near Bonn, West Germany and the Soviet Trade Mission near Cologne, West Germany. CATOPHAT was superceded by CATOMIC. Heinrich Bandholz associated with Project.
CATRANSIT DEVELOPMENT AND PLANS - 46 files. CATRANSIT (1964-69) was launched by Berlin Operations Base (BOB) and provided for the development and maintenance of a courier pool that would sustain secure communication with agents residing in East Berlin and/or East Germany. This progam was necessary because BOB's communications with most of its agents in East Berlin were severed when the Berlin Wall was erected in Aug. 1961. Richard Bleil associated with Program.
CIA and the Origins of the BND, 1945-1949 - 2 volumes, 2 files.
CIA and the Origins of the BND, 1949-1956 - 2 volumes, 6 files.
CIA and Nazi War Criminals and Collaborators - 1 file.
Cirulis, Janis Albins - 15 files.
Classen, Wilhelm - 78 files. JG-9633, RNSPLUNT (cryptonyms). Associated with QKSNITCH (Gesellschaft fuer Wehrkunde (GfW)) under Project KMMANLY.
Clemens, Hans Max - 3 volumes, 109 files. V-2665 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Hans CRAMER, HOFFMAN (Gehlen Organization alias). UJDRUM (cryptonym).
Concentration Camp Persecution of Jews - 17 files.
Cube (von) Leonid - 12 files. CADENTINE-4 (cryptonym). Associated with CADENTINE Project.
Dadone, Ugo - 71 files. DESDEMONA, LACERATOR, JK-78 (cryptonyms). Associated with Plan BAZAR and Project AREDIT.
Daufeldt, Hans Christian - 26 files.
Debrassine, Heinz Christel - 8 files. JG-7300 (cryptonym). Associated with LCPROWL Apparat.
Denuel, Mathias Giezi - 8 files.
Deportation of Jews from the Netherlands in 1942 - 1 file.
Deppner, Erich - 17 files.V-616 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Ernst BORCHERT, Egon DIETRICH (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Deva, Xhaver - 95 files. DECADEL (cryptonym). Associated with Projects OBLONG/OBDURATE, ZRNAUNTLE.
Dickopf, Paul - 2 volumes, 188 files. CARAVEL (cryptonym). DENKER, HATHOR (OSS/SSU cryptonyms).
Didinger, Josef - 14 files. V-13600 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Josef DEICHMAN, Josef DORER, Hans DURING (Gehlen Organization alias).
Diels, Rudolf (dr) - 10 files.
Dietrich, Wilhelm - 53 files. TT-2 (Otto Von Bolschwing's cryptonym for a member of his TT Net (Vorarlberg Security Directorate Unit) in Austria). V-6628, formerly V-6606 (Gehlen Organization V-Numbers). GRALDER-1, LANDSEER-10 (cryptonyms).
Dochev, Ivan - 3 volumes, 355 files. DELIA, Code 307/7 (SSU cryptomyms). Ivan DIMITROFF (alias). GOMACE, MEMACE (CIA cryptonyms). He was Chief of Bulgarian Section of SSU Project SYBILLE (SSU), and also associated with Projects BGCONVOY, ZRNAUNTLE.
Dolezalek, Alexander - 28 files. V-3002 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Horst-Guenther DOEHRING (Gehlen Organization alias).
Domes, Walter Josef - 9 files. V-12024 (Gelhen Organization alias). Walter DRAHA, Daniel WILDORF (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Dorn, Fritz - 18 files. V-3376 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Manfred Peter DEHNE, Fritz TRAUBE (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Dosse, Johann - 6 files. CAUTERY-6 (cryptonym). Associated with Project CAUTERY.
Dosti, Hasan - 190 files. Henry R. MALAMENT (alias). Associated with Project OBLIVIOUS. See also Balli Kombetar, BGFIEND, NCFA, OBOPUS, Shqiperia.
Draganovic, Krunoslav - 96 files. DYNAMO (US Army cryptonym).
Drzewiecki, Franciszek A. - 47 files. CALAMITOUS-1 (cryptonym).
DTLINEN - 3 volumes, 302 files. DTLINEN (formerly EARTHENWARE, GRAVEYARD) (1951-60) was a CIA covert propaganda, harassment, and sabotage activity subsidizing both the overt and covert the activities of the Kampgruppe gegen Unmenschlichkeit (Fighting Group against Inhumanity (KgU)) against East Germany. The KgU (CAJERSEY), an overt organization, sought to expose conditions in the USSR and Soviet Zone of Germany which were considered crimes against humanity. Heinrich Otto Krause associated with Project. Erich Von Sivers considered for possible use on Project.
DTPILLAR - 3 volumes, 186 files. DTPILLAR (1951-67) refers to CIA support to The Asia Foundation, which undertook programs via private institutions in Asia to counteract the spread and appeal of communism. Karl Herczeg associated with Project. Minoru Maeda considered for possible use on Project.
Dukavits, Anton - 4 files. KIBITZ-201 (cryptonym). Worked in KIBITZ-15's (Walter Kopp) net in the KIBITZ Project.
Duplitzer, Emil - 39 files. V-11718 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Durcansky, Ferdinand - 2 volumes, 142 files. Slovak nationalist leader who for a time served with the collaborationist government of Jozef Tiso.
Durcansky, Jan - 16 files. BIOPHORE-1 (cryptonym). Associated with Project BIOPHORE.
Ebert, Friedrich George - 2 files.
Eggen, Hans Wilhelm - 53 files.
Eichmann, Adolf - 5 volumes, 376 files. SS-Obersturmbannführer (lieutenant colonel) and one of the major organisers of the Holocaust. Eichmann was charged with facilitating and managing the logistics of mass deportation of Jews to ghettos and extermination camps in German-occupied Eastern Europe during World War II. In 1960, he was captured in Argentina by Mossad, Israel's intelligence service. Following a widely publicised trial in Israel, he was found guilty of war crimes and hanged in 1962.
Endo, Saburo - 29 files. Director-General, Aviation Ordnance Bureau, Ministry of Munitions.
Engel, Rolf - 5 files. EBERT (Gehlen Organization alias).
Engelsing, Herbert - 56 files.
Erdmann, Fritz - 2 files. V-2665.2 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Fritz LOHRMANN, ELLER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Erhart, Ludwig - 2 volumes, 170 files. CASPHERE (cryptonym) during 1963-66.
Farkas, Ferenc Kisbarnaki - 194 files. General of the Hungarian VI Army Corps during World War II. In January 1947 he became the U.S. liaison to Hungarian prisoners of war and assisted in resolving their displaced person status and living arrangements. He remained in Germany becoming the highest-ranking Hungarian officer to settle in a country controlled by the Allies.
Fedyk, Yaroslar - 31 files. AECASSOWARY-6, CARTEL-6, CASSOWARY-6 (cryptonyms). Associated with Project AERODYNAMIC.
Felfe, Heinz - 4 volumes, 464 files. Felfe served in the SS, as an Obersturmführer (First Lieutenant). At various times he worked for the intelligence services of Nazi Germany, Great Britain, the Soviet Union and West Germany. From 1951-61 he was a highly effective double agent.
Felfe, Heinz Damage Assessment Report
Felfe, Heinz KGB Exploitation Of
Fellner, Anton Johann Ferdinand - 14 files. HH-1 (Otto Von Bolschwing's cryptonym for Fellner).
Ferid, Murat - 87 files. FAMINE, CAMEO (OSS/SSU cryptonyms). V-11364 (Gehlen Organization VNumber).
Fesel, Heinrich Ludwig Johann - 7 files.
Fiebig, Konrad - 21 files. Konrad Fielder (Gehlen Organization alias).
Finsterer, Werner Fritz Phillipp - 13 files. V-2354 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Werner WINTERSTEIN, Fritz WEIGAND, Fritz KAEMMER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Fischer, Alois K. - 6 files. FINK (Gehlen Organization alias).
Fischer, Eduard - 105 files. CASTONE-4, CAPEDAL-1 (cryptonyms). Associated with CASTONE/CAPEDAL Project.
Fischer, Georg - 8 files. Alias for Alois Brunner.
Flachslander, Josef - 29 files. CAPEDAL-3, CASTONE-16, CAROAST-3 (cryptonyms). Associated with Project CASTONE.
Flegel, Arwed - 15 files. V-2954 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Alfred FRIEDMANN, Hans Hermann MIGSCH, NIETSCH (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Foerster, Raimund Woldgand Edward - 8 files.
Foetter, Karl Adolf - 8 files.
Frank, Friedrich - 17 files. V-14415 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). FRANKE, KRUEGER (Gehlen Organization alias).
Freitag, Hans Georg - 3 files.
Friede, Willy Heinrich - 13 files. V-2835 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Frank PAX (Gehlen Organization alias).
Fritzemeier, Friedrich - 5 files.
Froehlich, Kurt - 7 files. V-2327 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Gustav FRIESE (Gehlen Organization alias).
Froehlich, Sergie - 111 files. CANUCK, JG-2627, KM-26 (cryptonyms). PRUNE (OSS/SSU cryptonym).
Fumy, Rudolf - 3 files. Rudolf FUNK (Gehlen Organization alias).
Garrette, Jose - 3 files. Considered by OSS for use with Plan CAESAR.
Gast, Heinz Wilhelm Paul - 47 files.
Gehlen, Reinhard - 7 volumes, 1,045 files. UTILITY (cryptonym). Robert GRABER, Dr. SCHNEIDER (aliases). See also Fremde Heere Ost, Foreign Armies East, Gehlen Organization.
Gehrich, Inge Marie - 92 files. CASUSTAIN-15 (cryptonym). Associated with CASUSTAIN Project.
Geipel, Walter - 22 files. V-3348 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Werner GRUNERT (Gehlen Organization alias).
Geissler, Werner Hans Heinrich - 6 files.
Geist, Karl - 24 files. RINGWALD-1, GRAVID-5 (cryptonyms). Considered for ICEBERG Program.
Genoud, Francois - 179 files. INFISHY-2 (cryptonym).
Gerebkov, Georg - 56 files. CANAKIN, SLOTH (OSS/SSU/CIG/CIA cryptonyms).
German Concentration Camps - 1 file.
German Intelligence Activities - 1 file.
German Intelligence Service (WW2) - 4 volumes, 35 files.
German Plans For Invasion Of England, 1940 - 1 file.
Gimzauskas, Kazys - 55 files. V-15775 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). ULMANN (Gehlen Organization alias).
Girg, Walter - 14 files. Walter GIRK (Gehlen Organization alias).
Glanert, Georg - 23 files. GRIFFITH (Gehlen Organization alias).
Glasenapp, Werner Franz - 45 files. CAUTERY-5 (cryptonym). Associated with Project CAUTERY.
Globke, Hans - 184 files. CAUSA-1 (cryptonym when he was Liaison Contact in the West German Chancellor's Office for discussions and planning during 1951-56 for the transfer of the Gehlen Organization from CIA sponsorship to the West German government).
Gmelin, Ulrich Karl - 7 files. JG-8955 (cryptonym). Associated with LCPROWL Project.
Goerling, Richard Arndt - 4 files.
Goerz, Helmuth - 7 files. BEKING-8D (cryptonym). Associated with BECRIPPLE/BEKING Project.
Goettsch, Werner - 66 files. CAINFER-1 (cryptonym).
GRCROOND / GRREPAIR - 4 volumes, 370 files. GRCROOND / GRREPAIR (1952-62) sought to develop and strengthen the Austrian paramilitary program so that this program could be activated at full strength in the event of hostilities. The program included staybehind, evasion and escape; guerrilla warfare and resistance; paramilitary training; and caching of equipment. Egbert Hochhauser, Hans Tschurtscenthaler considered for possible use on Project GRCROOND.
Greek Hellenic Information Bulletin - 13 files.
Griesse, Hermann - 1 file. Helmut GANTNER (Gehlen Organization/BND alias).
Gruenwaldt, Wilhelm - 27 files. AECADILT-10, AEVIRGIL-109 (cryptonyms). Associated with AECARRERA/AEVIRGIL Project.
Haderlein, Andreas - 8 files. V-9112 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). ALBERT, Albert HALBACH, Arthur HESSE, Albert RICHTER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Haeffner, Alexander - 7 files.
Halmanseger, Leonhard - 4 files.
Halswick, Karl Gustav - 20 files.
Hamel, Karl Emil Hermann - 11 files.
Handrack, Hans Adolf - 4 files. V-11760 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Hans HABEDANK, Rolf OSTERREICH (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Hanelt, Gustav Herman Heinrich - 5 files.
Hanff, Konstanty - 2 volumes, 116 files.
Hang, Branislav Flip - 3 files.
Hantel, Otto - 18 files. CACUS-4 (cryptonym).
HARVARD - 2 volumes, 59 files. HARVARD (1951-65) was designed initially to provide safehouse and operational aid facilities for CIA activities in Germany. In 1952, the HARVARD mission was expanded to include the rehabilitation and resettlement of defectors, agents, and agent-trainees.
German Lieutenant-Colonel in the SS, involved in the Ardeatine massacre in Italy.Hattori, Takushiro - 2 volumes, 73 files. Imperial Japanese Army officer. He became head of the Operations Section of the Army General Staff, 1941–5, ranked as colonel. He worked with Colonel Masanobu Tsuji, on Japanese planning for some of the major battles of World War II. His name was mentioned in CIA documents as a plotter in a 1952 plan to kill the Japanese prime minister of the time, Shigeru Yoshida.
Haubold, Helmut Gottfried - 12 files.
Hazners, Vilis - 3 volumes, 129 files.
Hebenstreit, Erno Karoly - 53 files. XX-61 (Otto Von Bolschwing's cryptonym for a member of his XX Net (Hungarian Catholic Group living in West) in Austria).
Hedderich, Heinrich - 5 files.
Heidschuh, Erich - 38 files. V-2620 (Gehlen Organization V-Nymber). Eduard BERGMANN (Gehlen Organization alias).
Heine, Erik - 5 volumes, 497 files. Discredited as a KGB agent under CIA orders.
Helfsgott, Ernst Walter - 3 files. V-7041 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Werner HELLER, Willi HILLMANN, Werner HASSEL (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Henci, Abdyl Mustafa - 6 files.
Hennig, Walter Erich Wilhelm - 3 files.
Hennyey, Gustav - 23 files. Considered for possible use with National Committee for a Free Europe (NCFE).
Herczeg, Karl Ladislaus - 40 files. Associated with Project DTPILLAR.
Heusinger, Adolf - 166 files. Adolf HORN (Gehlen Organization alias). RNMELLATE (cryptonym when he was Liaison Contact at the West German Ministry of Defense).
Higashikuni, Naruhiko - 13 files.
Hilger, Gustav - 132 files. CALABEL-1 (cryptonym when he was Liaison Contact at the West German Foreign Office). Stephen H. HOLCOMB, Arthur T. LATTER (pseudonyms). Associated with Project AEFORD (formerly PBSTEAM).
Hillmann, Fritz Wilhelm Arnold - 53 files. CARCER-1 (cryptonym).
Hinterholzer, Josef - 3 files.
Hinzke, Alois Konrad - 6 files.
Hirsemann, Johannes - 33 files. CABATON-39 (cryptonym). Associated with Project CABATON.
Hitler, Adolf - 4 volumes, 174 files.
Hodosy-strobl, Paul - 35 files.
Hoeher, Wolfgang - 2 volumes, 228 files. V-2996 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Hoernicke, Werner Paul Clemens - 3 files.
Hoesselbarth, Herbert - 25 files.
Hoettl, Wilhelm - 6 volumes, 478 files.
Hoffmann, Gustan Adolf - 3 files.
Hoffmann, Otto Wilhelm Fredrich - 8 files. Paul BERGER, PAUL(Gehlen Organization aliases).
Hohmann, Paul Erich Kurt - 4 files.
Horak, Stefan - 3 files. PL-507 (cryptonym). Briefly attended ZRELOPE training program.
Horst, Cornelius Van Der - 8 files. V-2951 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). CONNY (Gehlen Organization alias).
Hossbach, Johannes - 29 files. HAEHNERT (Gehlen Organization alias).
Hrinioch, Ivan - 36 files. CAPARISON, CARTEL-1, AECASSOWARY-3, CASSOWARY-3, QRDYNAMIC-3 (cryptonyms). Associated with Projects BELLADONNA/TRIDENT, AERODYNAMIC (formerly CARTEL, ANDROGEN, AECARTHAGE), QRDYNAMIC/QRPLUMB (formerly AEBEEHIVE).
Huber, Franz Josef - 21 files.
Husseini, Amin El - 6 volumes, 994 files. Collaborated with both Italy and Germany by making propagandistic radio broadcasts and by helping the Nazis recruit Bosnian Muslims for the Waffen-SS.
Ibrahimovic, Djemal - 4 files.
Iceberg - 98 files. ICEBERG (1948-53) was Vienna Operations Base's staybehind program and selected, trained, and placed W/T operators and other types of staybehind agents in strategic locations in Eastern Austria to become active only after the outbreak of hostilities and the loss of this area to hostile forces. Karl Geist considered for possible use on Project.
Iglhaut, Hans - 1 file. Considered for possible use on Project KMMANLY.
Impulevicius, Antanas - 7 files.
Intelligenge and Abwehr Personnel in Soviet Captivity.
Interrogation Reports (di Search).
Ishii, Shiro - 12 files. Director of Unit 731, the biological warfare unit of the Imperial Japanese Army.
Janelsins, Peteris - 126 files. AEMARSH-15 (cryptonym). Associated with Project AEMARSH.
Jansen, Erwin - 18 files. Franz URBANEK (Gehlen Organization alias).
Janums, Vilis - 94 files. AECANOE-3 (cryptonym). Associated with Project TPTONIC.
Japanese Activities in Europe - 14 files.
Japanese Intelligence Organizations in China - 1 file.
Jasiuk, Emanuel Max - 6 files.
Jobke, Karl - 18 files. JG-6024 (Cryptonym). Associated with LCPROWL Apparat Project.
Kabashi, Ahmet - 25 files. THROWOFF-2 (cryptonym). Associated with Project BGFIEND.
Kabashi, Shaqir - 66 files. THROWOFF-4, THROTTLER-1, THUNDERCLAP-5, GADULL (cryptonyms). Associated with Project BGFIEND.
Kainz, Walter - 29 files. V-14801 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). KORN, Walter SCHADE (Gehlen Organization alias). GREENSOAP-10 (cryptonym when he was Liaison Contact at AMIS).
Kalich, Helmut - 8 files. JG-7749 (cryptonym). Associated with Project LCPROWL.
Kalnins, Bruno - 2 volumes, 153 files.
Kanayan, Drostamat - 39 files. PELOPS (cryptonym). Associated with Project AIN concerning activities with the Armenians during 1952-54.
Karmasin, Franz - 21 files. V-16131 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Fritz KAHR, Fritz WUNDER (Gehlen Organization aliases).
Kauder, Richard - 2 volumes, 155 files.
Kaya, Okinori - 77 files. POSONNET-1 (cryptonym).
Kayser-eichberg, Ulrich - 11 files. Ulrich KIEL (Gehlen Organization alias). UJDUCAT-4 (cryptonym).
Kedia, Michael - 90 files. V-11881 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Kemnitz, Dr. Ernst Martin - 6 files. SAVOY (cryptonym).
KIBITZ - 2 volumes, 248 files. KIBITZ was Karlsruhe Base's program to develop a staybehind net in Germany (1949-53). Walter Kopp, Hans Rues, Eduard Woellner associated with Project. Anton Dukavits worked in Walter Kopp's net.
Kirschke, Ernst Wilhelm - 5 files.
Klaus, Bruno - 32 files. V-14802, formerly V-19331 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Klausnitzer, Alfred - 22 files.
Klemmer, Werner Otto - 3 files.
KMMANLY - 1 file. KMMANLY (1951-53) was originally designed to counter the actions of pacifist and neutralist groups in West Germany who were opposed to ratification of the contractual agreements. In practice KMMANLY sought to win support for the European Defense Community (EDC) in areas of veterans' affairs and military publishing. To achieve these aims, three publications were utilized under KMMANLY -- Die Deutsche Soldaten Zeitung (The German Soldiers' Newspaper, (DSZ)), Europaische Wehrkorrespondenz (European Defense Newsletter, (EWK)), Wehr Wissenschaftliche Rundschau (Military Science Journal, (WWR)). In addition KMMANLY supported the Gesellschaft fuer Wehrkunde (GfW), a military science study group composed of former high ranking German Army officers. Wilhelm Classen (PA), Eberhard Von Nostitz, Burghard Von Preussen, Felix Steiner associated with GfW part of Project. Josef Berschneider, Hans Iglhaut, Werner Strecker considered for possible use on KMMANLY.
Knoll, Kurt Dr - 7 files. V-5450 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Kocins, Rudolf - 7 files. Considered for possible use on Project AEBLOSSOM.
Kodama, Yoshio - 2 volumes, 125 files.
Koenen, Hans - 31 files. STMURAL-1 (cryptonym).
Koerner, Horst - 7 files. V-14125 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Kohlhammer, Ludwig - 20 files.
Kollenyi, Gyorgy - 158 files. V-14411, V-17562 (Gehlen Organization V-Numbers).
Kopp, Walter - 2 volumes, 179 files. KIBITZ-15 (cryptonym). Associated with the KIBITZ staybehind program.
Kortum, Herbert F. - 10 files.
Korzhan, Michael - 4 volumes, 574 files. AECAPELIN-1, AEBATH-1, AEDOGMA-1, CAPELIN-1, PETROCLUS (cryptonyms). Associated with Projects BELLADONNA, AEDOGMA/AEBATH. V-13611 (formerly V9460.9) (Gehlen Organization V-Numbers).
Koszorus, Ferenc - 74 files. Principal Agent on Project HTOUTRIG.
Kovalevskis, Pauls - 55 files.
Kozma, Ferenc - 3 volumes, 200 files. PETER (Belgian cryptonym). VENUS (cryptonym). Associated with VENUS Project.
Krallert, Wilfried - 32 files.
Krassowsky, Werner - 13 files. V-10721 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). Werner MILLER (Gehlen Organization alias).
Krause, Edmund - 10 files. KORB (Gehlen Organization alias).
Krause, Heinrich Otoo - 14 files. Associated with Project DTLINEN.
Krempler, Karl Joseph - 3 files.
Kretzschmar, Georg - 8 files. JG-4095 (cryptonym). Associated with Project DTBEYOND.
Krichbaum, Wilhelm - 82 files. V-8838 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). KRUG (Gehlen Organization alias).
Kroeger, Ernst Alexander - 3 files. V-15769 (Gehlen Organization V-Number).
Krombholz, Franz Josef - 9 files. Associated with LCPROWL/Apparat Project.
Krueger, Alfred Kurt - 4 files. DISTAFF-60 (cryptonym).
Krull, Heinz Karl - 55 files. ZIGZAG (OSS cryptonym). CANCAN (OSS/SSU/CIG cryptonym).
Kudoke, Hans Joachim - 9 files. CADINGY (cryptonym).
Kuhara, Fusanosuke - 26 files. POSHARK (cryptonym).
Kulikovskis, Georgs - 4 files. KOCH, CADRE (OSS/SSU cryptonyms).
Kurgvel, Aleksei - 4 volumes, 569 files. JG-3721, AELUNG, AEPIONEER-6, AEJAMMER-8 (cryptonyms). Mario K. GIORDANO (pseudonym), Mr. A. CLAYTON (alias), Mr. W. CARLSON (alias). Associated with Projects LCHOMELY, AEBASIN, AEACRE, AEPIONEER, AEJAMMER, AEREALITY, AEROOT, AETARGET, AESCREEN, TPMURILLO.
Kurreck, Walter - 26 files. V-7630 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). HOLGERS, Kurt WAGNER (Gehlen Organization alias).
Kuschel, Albrecht Georg - 3 files.
Kuschel, Francis - 49 files. CAMBISTA-10 (cryptonym). Associated with AEQUOR Project. See also BNR.
Kutzler, Heinrich - 28 files. CAUTERY-18 (cryptonym). Associated with CAUTERY Project.
Larionoff, Victor - 3 volumes, 261 files. CAMISOLE, GULL (OSS/SSU/CIG cryptonyms).
Launags, Freds - 4 volumes, 467 files. CAMBARO-1, AECAMBARO-1, AEHAWKEYE-1 (cryptonyms). Cleveland O. HAHN, Louis G. GOLTEDGE, Raymond S. CHURGIN (pseudonyms). Associated with Projects AECOB, AEMARSH.
LCCASSOCK - 3 volumes, 122 files. LCCASSOCK (1954-61) was a publishing and distribution company in West Berlin that produced and covertly distributed propaganda material for East Germans, providing them with Western-oriented information and harrassing, embarrassing and exposing officials and policies of the East German regime. Hans Lobbes, Karl Heinz Marbach (PA), Guenther Schmidt associated with Project.
LCPROWL - 4 volumes, 242 files. LCPROWL Project (1950-53) in Germany involved anti-communist psychological warfare, accomplished by the BDJ (Bund Deutsche Jugend or League of German Youth) (KMPRUDE), and a staybehind organization that would conduct paramilitary/sabotage activities (LCPROWL BDJ Apparat) in the event of war. Alarich Bross, Friedrich Carstenn, Heinz Debrassine, Ulrich Gmelin, Karl Jobke, Franz Krombholz, Walter Menke, Hans Otto, Christian Schwarting, Eberhard Tellkamp, Helmut Vogt, Willi Weinsberg associated with Project.
Magyar, Harcosok, Bajtarsi, Kozossege - 3 volumes, 122 files.
Malaxa, Nicolai - 4 volumes, 249 files.
Nazi Escape Routes To Argentina - 7 files.
Nazi War Crimes Research Report - 7 files.
Nazi Escape Routes to South America - 10 files.
Nazis In South America - 2 volumes, 97 files.
Nazis in West Germany (Post-WW2) - 5 files.
Nebel, Ludwig - 2 volumes, 317 files. OSTRICH (OSS and British cryptonym).
OBDURATE - 21 files. OBDURATE (formerly OBSTACLE, Plan CHARITY) (1954-56), incorporated into OBLONG in 1956, exploited the intelligence potential of a significant Albanian émigré group in Rome (Balli Kombetar). Xhaver Deva associated with Project.
OBOPUS - 31 volumes, 1,991 files. OBOPUS (formerly BGFIEND) (1949-58) was initially a joint US-British covert action program designed to overthrow the Soviet dominated regime of Enver Hoxha in Albania and evolved into establishing and exploiting National Committee for Free Albania (NCFA), propaganda media, infiltration agents, and economic warfare. VALUABLE was the British Albanian plan. The file includes Country Plan for Albania (V. 1); Project Outline, Reviews, Termination (V. 2); OBLIVIOUS: NCFA (V. 3); BGFIEND/JBPARSON: Albanian Holding/Training Camp W. Germany (V. 4); BGFIEND RED Team (V. 5); BGFIEND APPLE Team (V. 6); BGFIEND WILLOW Team (V. 7); BGFIEND-VALUABLE Leaflet Drops (V. 8); OBTUSE: Propaganda Campaign (V. 9); OBTEST: Clandestine Radio Broadcasts (V. 10); OBHUNT & OBSIDIOUS: Infiltration Missions (V. 11); BGSPEED: Vessel for Offshore Propaganda Missions (V. 12); BGFIEND Operations (V. 13-30); Photographs (V. 31). Hasan Dosti associated with OBLIVIOUS (part of OBOPUS). Xhaver Deva Principal Agent (PA) on BGFIEND. Destan Berisha, Ahmet Kabashi, Shaqir Kabashi associated with BGFIEND.
Ogata, Taketora - 5 volumes, 381 files. POCAPON (cryptonym).
Pannwitz, Heinz - 2 volumes, 107 files. CARETINA (cryptonym). TEJA (BND cryptonym).
PASTIME - 2 volumes, 187 files. PASTIME (1948-52) was Berlin Base's staybehind program, including trained W/T operators, agents, cutouts, and informants prepared for activation in the event of hostilities. PASTIME used some of the same people as the KIBITZ staybehind program.
PBSTEAM - 6 files. PBSTEAM (formerly EUCHRE, later AEFORD) (1948-50) provided the services, experience, and backgound of a Russian specialist, Gustav Hilger, for not only CIA but also other U.S. Government agencies.
Pekelsky, Vladimir - 2 volumes, 165 files.
PLAN IVY - 81 files. Plan IVY (1944-45) conducted by OSS, Italian Navy, and Committee of National Liberation to prevent possible sabotage by Germans of industry in northern Italy by setting up network of counterespionage cells. Junio Valerio Borghese associated with Project.
Poppe, Nikolai - 2 volumes, 201 files. Professor Karl BERGSTROM (pseudonym).
Project PAPERCLIP - 25 files. DoD project that brought German and Austrian scientists to the U.S. after WWII.
QKACTIVE - 10 volumes, 837 files. QKACTIVE (1951-71), operating through a proprietary cover organization (American Committee for the Liberation of the People of the USSR (AMCOMLIB) (PBAFFIRM)), sought to conduct overt anti-Soviet activities to weaken the Soviet regime and thereby reduce its threat to world security through radio broadcasts (Radio Free Europe and Radio Liberty), the Institute for the Study of the USSR (BGCALLUS) Chaired by Stanislaw Stankiewicz, and published articles and books. Karl Toennies considered for possible use on Project QKACTIVE. See also PBCHORD.
QKBROIL - 33 files. QKBROIL (1951-54), which was superceded by Project SHELLFIRE in 1954, was a program to encourage the Rumanian people to resist communism; to establish a clandestine underground in Rumania to hamper Soviet/satellite military operations and to serve as a nucleus for wartime resistance; to undermine the political, economic, and military structure of communist Rumania; to develop a National Committee for a Free Europe (NCFE) Political Center (Rumanian National Refugee Organization) as cover for overt activities and a covert operational support arm for OPC operations. Nicolae Radescu associated with Project.
QKDEMON - 4 volumes, 630 files. QKDEMON (formerly UMPIRE, EDUCATOR) (1949-50) was a psychological warfare project and provided the production and dissemination of covert propaganda against the Soviet Union and its satellites using radio broadcasts and printed material. Hildegard Beetz associated with Project.
QKDROOP - 36 files. QKDROOP (1950-52) provided funds, material support, and operational guidance to the National Alliance of Solidarists (NTS or Natsionalny Trudovoi Soyuz), an anti-Soviet emigre organization which was actively engaged in clandestine activities against the Soviet regime and Soviet occupation forces in Germany and Austria During WWII, the NTS was a Nazi-related propaganda organization. See also AESAURUS/AENOBLE.
QRPLUMB - 5 volumes, 131 files. QRDYNAMIC/QRPLUMB (formerly AEBEEHIVE) (1970-91) superceded Project AERODYNAMIC and supported the Ukrainian émigré organization ZP / UHVR (Ukrainian Supreme Liberation Council) with a New York publishing arm called Prolog Research Corporation (QRTENURE, AETENURE) and a Munich Office, Ukrainian Society for Foreign Studies (QRTERRACE, AETERRACE), publisher of the monthly journal Suchasnist. CIA terminated QRPLUMB after the fall of the Berlin Wall in 1991 and provided funds to enable Prolog to transition to a privately-funded company. In 1992, Prolog's monthly Ukrainian journal Suchasnist (Contemporary Times) was successfully transitioned to a publishing company in Kiev, Ukraine and thereafter was published as a collaborative effort between Prolog and a Ukrainian group in Kiev. Ivan Hrinioch, Mykola Lebed, Yury Lopatinsky, Lyubomir Ortinskiy associated with Project.
Radescu, Nicolae - 3 volumes, 328 files. Associated with Project QKBROIL.
Ragula, Boris - 2 volumes, 267 files. AECAMBISTA-2, CAMBISTA-2 (cryptonyms). Simeon MINSKY (pseudonym). BNR's Operations Chief and BNR's interim delegate to AMCOMLIB. Associated with Project AEQUOR.
Rechenberg, Hans - 2 volumes, 108 files.
REDCAP - 64 files. REDCAP (1951-65) was the planned collection of information on Soviet personnel stationed abroad for the purpose of operational exploitation, including defection inducement. Sergie Shebalin associated with Project.
Sanitzer, Johann - 2 volumes, 226 files.
SATURN - 38 files. SATURN (1949-61) was Gehlen Organization's (and later BND's) staybehind program for East/West Germany, and included UJLENTIL (STORCH, AFU Program, FOX, WIESEL) and NADELWALD/UJKEVEL. SATURN referenced in KIBITZ file.
Schellenberg, Walter - 2 volumes, 264 files.
Schoebel, Hans - 2 volumes, 254 files. GRAM (Gehlen Organization alias). Fall MONOGRAM (German cryptonym, German double agent case against the Czechs). PEPPERMILL (CIA cryptonym, German double agent case against the Czechs).
Scholz, Arno - 2 volumes, 347 files. CAMLET-1 (cryptonym). Daniel K. ROSSON (pseudonym). Associated with Project TPOASIS.
Seebode, Waldemar - 2 volumes, 196 files. CAFIGHT-2, CAHELM-1, CASUSTAIN-5 (cryptonyms). Associated with CAFIGHT, CAHELM, CASUSTAIN Projects.
Shebalin, Sergie - 3 volumes, 361 files. CATARATA, CACHINO-4, GRALLSPICE (cryptonyms). Rostislav ANTONOV (pseudonym). Associated with Project REDCAP.
Shoriki, Matsutaro - 3 volumes, 155 files. POJACKPOT-1 and PODAM (cryptonyms). Associated with KMCASHIER Project.
Sima, Horia - 2 volumes, 240 files. FALLIBLE (cryptonym).
Skorzeny, Otto - 2 volumes, 239 files. Freed the deposed Italian dictator Benito Mussolini from captivity.
Soobzokov, Tscherim - 6 volumes, 501 files. NOSTRIL (cryptonym). George A. BALLACH (alias). Kenneth W. DESNEW (pseudonym). Associated with AEACRE, AEASTER, AEDEPOT (formerly AEREADY) Projects.
SYMPHONY - 2 volumes, 127 files. Project SYMPHONY (1946-47) was an OSS/SSU project to use the influx of Jewish refugees into Austria from Rumania, Czechoslovakia, Hungary, and Poland managed by the Jewish Agency for Palestine (JAFP) in Austria (active beginning 1944 with mission of organizing and facilitating Jewish emigration to Palestine) and the Bricha (an unofficial Jewish organization active post-war that established illegal routes and guided illegal transports through Europe) for sources of CI information, to identify communists/Soviet agents among the refugees, and to gain information about the JAFP intelligence service. Asher Ben-Nathan (aka Arthur PIER), who was head of JAFP in Austria, was the chief agent (CONDUCTOR). Erich Wender (LILAC) associated with Project.
Szulc, Janina - 3 files. Mother of Tad Szulc, journalist who received tip from Ray Clines and broke Bay of Pigs story.
TILESTONE - 45 files. TILESTONE (1946-48) involved missions into Soviet occupied Baltic States. Stasys Zymantas-Zakevicius associated with Project.
TPMURILLO - 2 volumes, 140 files. TPMURILLO (1964-74) provided personnel to conduct research on the Soviet Union based on information in overt sources with special emphasis on Soviet services, personnel, and operations. Aleks Kurgvel associated with Project.
TRIDENT - 28 files. BELLADONNA involved collection of foreign intelligence on USSR and TRIDENT involved collection of counterintelligence on USSR through Ukrainian emigre activities and personalities (1946-48). Ivan Hrinioch, Michael Korzhan, Mykola Lebed, Yury Lopatinsky, Myron Matviyeyko associated with Projects.
Tsuji, Masanobu - 3 volumes, 211 files. Japanese war criminal.
UJDROLLERY - 3 volumes, 154 files. Gehlen Organization counterintelligence projects.
Urban, Josef - 2 volumes, 180 files. V-13690 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). BEFINAL-103 (CIA cryptonym while monitoring his peddling of fabricated intelligence reports). See ROESSELSPRUNG and DILLINGER.
Waldheim, Kurt - 9 volumes, 536 files. Austrian diplomat and politician. Waldheim was the fourth Secretary-General of the United Nations from 1972 to 1981, and the ninth President of Austria from 1986 to 1992.
Wallenberg, Raoul - 21 volumes, 21 files.
Wartime Activities of the German Diplomatic and Military Services.
Worm, Ernst - 2 volumes, 230 files. V-3597 (Gehlen Organization V-Number). WEBER, PARKER (Gehlen Organization aliases). UJDREADFUL (cryptonym).